Economic Growth in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia's GDP growth from 2013 to 2022 mirrored the global oil market's fluctuations and domestic economic reforms. Early in the decade, high oil prices facilitated growth, but the mid-2010s oil price crash led to a slowdown and fiscal deficits. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a sharp contraction, but recovery was underway by 2022, driven by rising oil prices and successful economic diversification efforts.
The economy of Saudi Arabia recorded an average real GDP growth of 2.6% in the decade to 2022, above the 2.0% average for the Middle East & North Africa. In 2022, real GDP growth was 8.7%. For more GDP information, visit our dedicated page.
Saudi Arabia GDP Chart
Saudi Arabia GDP Data
2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Economic Growth (GDP, ann. var. %) | 1.1 | -3.6 | 5.1 | 7.5 | -0.8 |
GDP (USD bn) | 838 | 734 | 874 | 1,107 | 1,067 |
GDP (SAR bn) | 3,145 | 2,754 | 3,278 | 4,157 | 4,003 |
Economic Growth (Nominal GDP, ann. var. %) | -0.9 | -12.4 | 19.1 | 26.8 | -3.7 |
Economic Growth (GDP non-Oil, ann. var. %) | 3.2 | -2.1 | 6.5 | 5.1 | 2.4 |
Economic Growth (GDP Oil, ann. var. %) | -3.3 | -6.9 | 0.6 | 15.2 | -9.1 |
Second release slightly revises down GDP contraction in Q2
GDP reading: A second statistical release revealed GDP slid 0.3% year on year in Q2, an improvement from the 0.4% shrinkage recorded in the first release, as well as the 1.7% contraction logged in Q1. The result was the best in a year. On a seasonally adjusted quarter-on-quarter basis, economic growth was unchanged at 1.4% in Q2, matching the first release and marking the joint-fastest expansion since Q4 2022.
Drivers: Looking at a breakdown by expenditure, the annual improvement reflected household spending growth accelerating to 2.8% in Q2 from a 2.0% expansion in Q1. Similarly, public spending sped up to a 10.9% expansion in Q2 (Q1: +6.3% yoy). Conversely, fixed investment growth waned to 3.2% in Q2 from 4.7% in the prior quarter. Meanwhile, exports of goods and services slid at a more moderate pace of 5.8% in Q2, which marked the best reading in a year (Q1: -6.6% yoy). Conversely, imports of goods and services deteriorated, contracting 0.9% in Q2 (Q1: +1.8% yoy).
How should you choose a forecaster if some are too optimistic while others are too pessimistic? FocusEconomics collects Saudi Arabian GDP projections for the next ten years from a panel of 29 analysts at the leading national, regional and global forecast institutions. These projections are then validated by our in-house team of economists and data analysts and averaged to provide one Consensus Forecast you can rely on for each indicator. By averaging all forecasts, upside and downside forecasting errors tend to cancel each other out, leading to the most reliable GDP forecast available for Saudi Arabian GDP.
Download one of our sample reports to visualize what a Consensus Forecast is and see our Saudi Arabian GDP projections.
Want to get access to the full dataset of Saudi Arabian GDP forecasts? Send an email to info@focus-economics.com.
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