Inflation Rate (CPI, annual variation in %)

Examine global economic trends in inflation and forecasts for inflation rates worldwide to gauge the economic and financial climates of over 195 countries. This insightful information is crucial for international businesses to identify opportunities and indicate future market performances; inflation directly impacts the cost of doing business and determines the buying power of potential customers. Stay informed about our expert inflation predictions to navigate international markets effectively and make informed decisions.

What does the inflation rate mean?

Inflation refers to an overall increase in the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which is a weighted average of prices for different goods. The set of goods that make up the index depends on which are considered representative of a common consumption basket. Therefore, depending on the country and the consumption habits of the majority of the population, the index will comprise different goods. Some goods might record a drop in prices, whereas others may increase, thus the overall value of the CPI will depend on the weight of each of the goods with respect to the whole basket.

The rate of inflation reflects how quickly prices increase. For example, annual inflation refers to the percent change of the CPI compared to the same month of the previous year. Meanwhile, a slowing inflation rate is termed disinflation, and falling prices are called deflation.

Several factors affect inflation. First, a tighter labor market tends to generate wage pressures and drive inflation up. Second, higher interest rates generally cause inflation to slow. Third, government interventions can alter inflation, such as in the case of subsidies, which make particular goods cheaper for consumers. In contrast, higher taxes or fiscal stimulus can increase inflation. Fourth, the exchange rate impacts inflation by altering the purchasing power of a nation’s currency. Fifth, international commodity prices, like the price for oil and gas, impact domestic inflation. Finally, capacity constraints, for example via import restrictions, boost the prices of acquiring particular goods and drive inflation up.

Why our inflation rate forecasts are valuable for businesses

Our projections for inflation rates by country are useful for several reasons:

Cost Management

Inflation impacts the cost of goods and services. Businesses need to monitor inflation rates to adjust pricing strategies, manage costs effectively, and maintain profit margins. Furthermore, inflation influences overall economic conditions. Businesses use our inflation rate reports for accurate budgeting, financial planning, and forecasting, ensuring realistic expectations and strategies.

Wage and salary adjustments are one important area determined by inflation. Businesses use inflation data to make informed decisions about wage and salary adjustments for employees, maintaining competitiveness in the job market.

Exchange Rates

Inflation is linked to currency values in a bidirectional relationship. In general, sustained inflation over a longer time period in one country tends to cause that country’s currency to depreciate relative to another country which is not experiencing persistent high inflation, due to the purchasing power parity relationship. At the same time, currency depreciation due to circumstances unrelated to inflation drives inflation up, by making goods and services more expensive as each currency unit is worth less.

By using our detailed reports—which cover both inflation and exchange rate movements—you can identify potential risks and develop strategies to mitigate the impact of inflation and currency values on operations and profitability

Consumer Understanding

Inflation directly affects consumer purchasing power: When the goods and services that consumers buy become more expensive, they are left with less disposable income and may cut back on certain purchases. Businesses analyse inflation reports to understand how changing prices influence consumer behaviour, allowing for adjustments in marketing, sales and pricing strategies.

Inflation Rates by Country