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La balanza comercial es la suma neta de las exportaciones e importaciones de mercancías de un país sin tener en cuenta todas las transferencias financieras, inversiones y otros componentes financieros. La balanza comercial de un país es positiva (es decir, registra un superávit) si el valor de las exportaciones supera el de las importaciones. A la inversa, la balanza comercial de un país es negativa, o registra un déficit, si el valor de las importaciones supera al de las exportaciones. La balanza comercial es el término oficial que se utiliza para las exportaciones netas en la cuenta corriente.
Este gráfico muestra Balanza comercial de mercancías (en millones de USD) para Zona euro de 2018 a 2015.
Balanza comercial (miles de millones USD) Datos
| 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afganistán | -5.7 | -5.3 | -5.1 | - | - |
| Albania | -3.4 | -3.5 | -3.4 | -4.5 | - |
| Alemania | 265 | 249 | 215 | 224 | 115 |
| Andorra | -1.5 | -1.4 | -1.3 | -1.1 | - |
| Angola | 25.0 | 20.6 | 11.4 | 21.8 | 32.8 |
| Antigua y Barbuda | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.4 | -0.5 | - |
| Arabia Saudí | 169 | 121 | 48 | 136 | - |
| Argelia | -7 | -9 | -14 | 1 | - |
| Argentina | -4 | 16 | 13 | 15 | 7 |
| Armenia | -1.8 | -1.7 | -1.4 | -1.5 | - |
| Aruba | -1.0 | -1.1 | -0.8 | -0.9 | - |
| Australia | 30.3 | 57.3 | 48.1 | 97.2 | 122.9 |
| Austria | -7 | -5 | -2 | -15 | -21 |
| Azerbaiyán | 9.8 | 8.5 | 2.5 | 11.3 | - |
| Bahamas, Las | -2.7 | -2.3 | -1.6 | -2.6 | - |
| Bahrein | -1.1 | 0.9 | -0.1 | 4.9 | - |
| Bangladesh | -16.0 | -15.6 | -16.4 | -32.5 | -28.9 |
| Bélgica | 13 | 18 | 24 | 22 | 12 |
| Belice | 0 | -1 | 0 | -1 | - |
| Benín | -0.6 | -0.4 | -0.2 | - | - |
| Bhután | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.2 | - |
| Bielorrusia | -3 | -4 | -2 | -1 | 0 |
| Bolivia | -0.4 | -0.3 | 0.6 | 2.2 | - |
| Bosnia-Herzegovina. | -4.4 | -4.6 | -3.7 | -4.4 | -5.7 |
| Botswana | 0.5 | -1.1 | -2.0 | -0.6 | - |
| Brasil | 46.6 | 35.2 | 50.4 | 61.4 | 61.5 |
| Brunei | 2.4 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 2.7 | - |
| Bulgaria | -3.2 | -3.3 | -2.2 | -3.4 | -5.1 |
| Burkina Faso | -1.0 | -0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | - |
| Burundi | -0.6 | -0.7 | -0.7 | -0.9 | - |
| Cabo Verde | -0.7 | -0.7 | -0.7 | -0.7 | - |
| Camboya | -5.9 | -7.3 | -2.5 | -11.4 | - |
| Camerún | -0.5 | -0.7 | -0.7 | -0.5 | - |
| Canadá | -17 | -14 | -30 | 4 | 17 |
| CdI | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.9 | - |
| Chad | -0.5 | 0.0 | -0.7 | -0.2 | - |
| Chile | 4 | 3 | 19 | 10 | 4 |
| China | 351 | 421 | 524 | 670 | 878 |
| Chipre | -5.4 | -5.2 | -4.8 | -5.1 | - |
| Cisjordania y Gaza | -5.4 | -5.5 | -4.8 | -6.0 | - |
| Colombia | -6.4 | -9.9 | -8.9 | -14.0 | -11.8 |
| Comoras | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.3 | -0.3 | - |
| Congo | - | 4.3 | 2.2 | - | - |
| Corea | 70 | 39 | 45 | 29 | -47 |
| Costa Rica | -4.6 | -3.9 | -2.0 | -2.8 | - |
| Croacia | -11.4 | -11.7 | -10.1 | -13.5 | - |
| Cuba | -9.1 | -7.8 | -5.5 | -7.0 | - |
| Dinamarca | 6.8 | 12.6 | 10.0 | 5.6 | 3.4 |
| Dominica | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.2 | -0.2 | - |
| EAU | 85.6 | 80.4 | 60.3 | 79.0 | - |
| Ecuador | -0.2 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 3.3 | - |
| Egipto | -37 | -38 | -36 | -42 | -43 |
| El Salvador | -5.6 | -5.7 | -5.1 | -8.2 | - |
| Eritrea | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.6 | - |
| Eslovaquia | -0.3 | -1.3 | 1.2 | -0.6 | -7.0 |
| Eslovenia | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | -2 |
| España | -39.9 | -35.8 | -15.3 | -30.9 | -71.6 |
| Estados Unidos | -879 | -857 | -914 | -1,090 | -1,191 |
| Estonia | -1.4 | -1.0 | -0.3 | -1.5 | -2.8 |
| Etiopía | -12.6 | -11.8 | -9.9 | -12.0 | - |
| Fiji | -1.7 | -1.7 | -0.9 | -1.3 | - |
| Filipinas | -43.5 | -40.7 | -24.6 | -42.2 | -58.2 |
| Finlandia | 0.3 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 2.7 | -1.3 |
| Francia | -60.1 | -52.6 | -67.4 | -79.7 | -143.6 |
| Gabón | 2.4 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 2.5 | - |
| Gambia | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.5 | -0.7 | - |
| Georgia | -4.1 | -3.8 | -3.2 | -3.8 | - |
| Ghana | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.1 | 2.8 |
| Grecia | -26.5 | -25.6 | -21.1 | -31.6 | -41.0 |
| Grenada | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.4 | - |
| Guatemala | -8.0 | -8.0 | -6.3 | -10.9 | - |
| Guinea | 0.6 | 0.5 | 5.2 | 6.3 | - |
| Guinea Ecuatorial | 3.4 | 3.1 | 1.6 | 3.8 | - |
| Guinea-Bissau | 0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | - |
| Guyana | -1.1 | -2.5 | 0.3 | 0.0 | - |
| Haití | -3.5 | -3.6 | -2.9 | -3.4 | - |
| Honduras | -3.8 | -3.4 | -2.6 | -4.8 | - |
| Hong Kong | -71.7 | -54.2 | -43.8 | -44.1 | -49.8 |
| Hungría | -2.7 | -4.1 | -1.5 | -5.4 | - |
| India | -184 | -161 | -100 | -191 | - |
| Indonesia | -8.7 | -3.6 | 21.6 | 35.4 | 54.5 |
| Irán | 31 | 2 | 3 | 16 | - |
| Iraq | 47.5 | 32.2 | 5.9 | 38.4 | - |
| Irlanda | 129.1 | 132.2 | 162.1 | 197.8 | 214.8 |
| Islandia | -2.1 | -1.4 | -1.1 | -1.7 | -2.2 |
| Islas Marshall | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | - |
| Islas Salomón | 0.0 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.2 | - |
| Israel | -16.7 | -15.1 | -11.7 | -21.5 | -25.9 |
| Italia | 54.2 | 68.0 | 77.8 | 63.4 | -15.7 |
| Jamaica | -3.5 | -4.0 | -2.9 | -2.8 | - |
| Japón | 13 | -1 | 25 | 15 | -123 |
| Jordania | -10.3 | -8.7 | -7.4 | -9.9 | - |
| Kazajstán | 26 | 18 | 10 | 21 | 35 |
| Kenia | -10.2 | -10.7 | -8.4 | -11.4 | -11.8 |
| Kirguistán | -3.0 | -2.6 | -1.4 | -2.4 | - |
| Kiribati | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | - |
| Kosovo | -3,674.2 | -3,618.8 | -3,474.5 | -5,105.5 | -5,471.1 |
| Kuwait | 46 | 35 | 15 | 41 | - |
| Laos | -0.9 | -0.5 | 0.7 | 1.4 | - |
| Lesotho | -0.7 | -0.7 | -0.7 | -0.8 | - |
| Letonia | -2.5 | -2.6 | -1.6 | -2.8 | -4.5 |
| Líbano | -15.1 | -13.4 | -6.5 | -8.2 | - |
| Liberia | -0.5 | -0.4 | - | - | - |
| Libia | 16.0 | 11.3 | 0.2 | - | - |
| Lituania | -3.2 | -2.6 | -0.5 | -3.8 | -8.6 |
| Luxemburgo | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.1 | - |
| Macao | -10.8 | -10.6 | -7.7 | -10.7 | - |
| Macedonia del Norte | -2.1 | -2.2 | -2.1 | -2.8 | -3.6 |
| Madagascar | -0.5 | -0.8 | -0.9 | -1.0 | - |
| Malasia | 30.7 | 35.2 | 43.6 | 61.2 | 58.1 |
| Malawi | -1.7 | -1.7 | -1.8 | -1.9 | - |
| Maldivas | -2.4 | -2.4 | -1.5 | -2.1 | - |
| Mali | -1.1 | -1.5 | -0.3 | -1.5 | - |
| Malta | -1.8 | -1.7 | -1.5 | -2.7 | -3.1 |
| Marruecos | -20 | -20 | -16 | -20 | - |
| Mauricio | -3.3 | -3.4 | -2.4 | -3.2 | - |
| Mauritania | -1.1 | -1.3 | 0.1 | 0.8 | - |
| México | -13.6 | 5.4 | 34.2 | -10.9 | -26.4 |
| Micronesia, Estados Federados de | -0.2 | -0.1 | -0.2 | -0.1 | - |
| Moldavia | -3.3 | -3.3 | -3.1 | -4.2 | - |
| Mongolia | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Montenegro | -2.4 | -2.3 | -1.9 | -2.3 | -2.8 |
| Mozambique | -1.0 | -2.1 | -2.3 | -2.3 | -5.2 |
| Myanmar | -4.1 | -2.8 | -3.9 | -1.2 | - |
| Namibia | -0.8 | -1.8 | -1.2 | -2.4 | - |
| Nauru | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | - |
| Nepal | -11.9 | -11.4 | -9.0 | -14.2 | - |
| Nicaragua | -1.6 | -1.1 | -0.9 | -1.9 | - |
| Níger | -1.1 | -1.2 | -1.3 | -1.5 | - |
| Nigeria | 20.5 | 2.9 | -16.4 | -3.2 | - |
| Noruega | 36 | 18 | 1 | 62 | 164 |
| Nueva Zelanda | -4 | -3 | 2 | -5 | -9 |
| Omán | 18 | 18 | 8 | 17 | - |
| Países Bajos | 67 | 62 | 67 | 73 | - |
| Pakistán | -31 | -28 | -21 | -29 | -40 |
| Palau | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.1 | -0.2 | - |
| Panamá | -9 | -8 | -3 | -4 | - |
| Papúa Nueva Guinea | 7.0 | 7.5 | 6.0 | 7.4 | - |
| Paraguay | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | - |
| Perú | 7 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 10 |
| Polonia | -13.2 | -4.9 | 8.2 | -8.7 | -26.0 |
| Portugal | -21 | -22 | -16 | -23 | -32 |
| Puerto Rico | 14.0 | 14.3 | 17.7 | 12.9 | 8.2 |
| Qatar | 51.0 | 41.6 | 27.1 | 60.3 | - |
| Reino Unido | -191.1 | -189.1 | -171.3 | -232.7 | -283.2 |
| República Árabe Siria | -6.9 | -6.4 | -4.5 | -5.7 | - |
| República Checa | 9.2 | 10.5 | 12.1 | 3.2 | -4.3 |
| República Democrática del Congo | 1.0 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 3.9 | - |
| República Dominicana | -9.6 | -9.1 | -6.8 | -11.7 | - |
| Ruanda | -1.2 | -1.5 | -1.7 | -1.7 | - |
| Rumanía | -18.1 | -20.0 | -21.6 | -27.3 | -34.0 |
| Rusia | 195 | 166 | 93 | 190 | 311 |
| Samoa | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.2 | -0.3 | - |
| San Cristóbal y Nieves | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.3 | - |
| San Marino | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.2 | - | - |
| San Vicente y las Granadinas | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.3 | - |
| Santa Lucía | -0.5 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.5 | - |
| Santo Tomé y Príncipe | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | - |
| Senegal | -3.4 | -2.9 | -2.8 | -3.4 | - |
| Serbia | -6 | -6 | -6 | -7 | -10 |
| Seychelles | -0.6 | -0.6 | -0.4 | -0.5 | - |
| Sierra Leona | -0.3 | -0.4 | -0.6 | - | - |
| Singapur | 104 | 98 | 106 | 126 | 137 |
| Somalia | -2.1 | -2.3 | -2.6 | -2.9 | - |
| Sri Lanka | -10 | -8 | -6 | -8 | - |
| Suazilandia | 0.2 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 1.2 | - |
| Sudáfrica | 2.0 | 2.7 | 17.6 | 30.3 | 13.5 |
| Sudán | -4 | -6 | -6 | -5 | - |
| Sudán del Sur | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.0 | -0.6 | - |
| Suecia | 11 | 21 | 22 | 25 | 18 |
| Suiza | 72.3 | 71.4 | 63.4 | 116.6 | 117.6 |
| Surinam | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.1 | - |
| Tailandia | 22 | 27 | 40 | 32 | 10 |
| Taiwán | 49.2 | 43.5 | 59.0 | 64.4 | 51.4 |
| Tanzania | -4.2 | -3.2 | -1.5 | -3.2 | - |
| Tayikistán | -1.9 | -1.9 | -1.4 | -1.7 | - |
| Timor-Leste | -0.5 | -0.4 | -0.4 | -0.3 | - |
| Togo | -0.8 | -0.8 | -0.7 | - | - |
| Tonga | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.3 | - |
| Trinidad y Tobago | 4 | 3 | 1 | 5 | - |
| Túnez | -6 | -6 | -4 | -5 | -7 |
| Turkmenistán | 7 | 8 | 3 | - | - |
| Turquía | -40.7 | -16.8 | -37.9 | -29.3 | -89.7 |
| Tuvalu | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | - |
| Ucrania | -12.7 | -14.3 | -6.8 | -6.6 | -15.3 |
| Uganda | -2.5 | -2.8 | -2.6 | -3.0 | - |
| Uruguay | 2.4 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 4.5 | - |
| Uzbekistán | -7 | -7 | -6 | -9 | - |
| Vanuatu | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.3 | -0.3 | - |
| Venezuela | 21 | - | - | - | - |
| Vietnam | 16.5 | 21.5 | 30.7 | 17.7 | - |
| Yemen | -3.3 | -4.7 | -4.7 | -4.9 | - |
| Yibuti | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.1 | -0.7 | - |
| Zambia | 0.5 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 4.8 | 3.4 |
| Zimbabue | -3 | -1 | -1 | -2 | - |
| Zona euro | 336 | 346 | 390 | 343 | -59 |